laura carmichael couple . July 3, 2022 In disciplinary action against lawyers. "Border counties in the Colorado region saw substantial decreases in overall property crime rate and larceny rate relative to nonborder counties following Colorado's legalization." 2001-2023 Copyright John Hawkins. To curb the drug tourism problem (mostly coming from, as the study authors write . In any case, try not to walk around the city alone at night. may not be sold. Two years after the sale of cannabis was legalized, use by teenagers age 15 to 17 has been cut in half, to just 10 per cent. Amsterdam drug laws. All Rights reserved.Proudly built by WPDevelopers. Substantially lower, yes, but still a moderate rate at best. Diemenhas also been very criminally active in recent years, below are the top ten most criminally active municipalities in the Netherlands. Although the shops proliferated in the 1980s and early 1990s, their numbers have dropped by half in the past 15 years, from around 1,400 in 1995 to about 700 today. Theres a strong tendency in Dutch society to control things by allowing them. However, the Courage Project was continued among others with a monitor called the Drugsscan, in order to follow the developments. Since voters approved Initiative 502, FBI crime statistics show lower rates of violent crime in Washington than before legalization. Prislista Rntgen Hst, Ask others about Amsterdam and there is a good chance that they will tell you about the coffee shops and the red light district. . As of late 2021, tourists can still patronize coffee shops in the Netherlands, though the era of freely smoking weed in Amsterdam (and elsewhere) may come to an end soon. According to the third evaluation of the Hektor project, which was carried out before the introduction of new Dutch coffee shop policy, it is possible to diminish illegal street trade and drug related public nuisance in a Dutch border town by the approach chosen in Hektor (Snippe 2012). Remember that guy that lied down on a grenade in his back yard to stop it from going off? A recent study in the peer-reviewed journal PLOS ONE examined the effects of medical marijuana legalization (MML) on crime rates. A primary concern regarding legalization is how these policy changes affect crime rates. "For the time being it remains to be seen whether the legal system in Canada will be a match for the power and extent of the illegal system.". lsrstider lund polhem [email protected]; berkna hllfasthet balkong Facebook fortnox ndra kundfaktura Linkedin. Hard drugs (like cocaine, XTC, etc.) View the most recent version. Ottawa, November 19, 2001. Among adults aged 26 or older, past-month marijuana use after legalization was 26 percent higher than in non-recreational states. Please enter your username or email address. Essays on New Amsterdam Crime Rate Before Legalization Of Marijuana And After for students to reference for free. During the first six months of 2012, about 4,000 people visited the consulting hours of the DIMS-facilities, about 160 people every week. You'll do better by being more aware of your surroundings while going out. At a special website (www.meldpuntnd.nl/) the users can report new drugs anonymously and eventually can describe their experiences with these drugs.". The new stringent policies reduced the number of cannabis shops in the country from 846 in 1999 to 573 in 2016 (Bieleman et al., 2017). Posted by June 11, 2022 cabarrus county sheriff arrests on crime rate in amsterdam before and after legalization June 11, 2022 cabarrus county sheriff arrests on crime rate in amsterdam before and after legalization When Republic Act No. It's best to avoid these parts too. Long story, short: This page still has a lot of great material in the archives, but we've been targeted by Facebook and Google. Cannabis legalization has no immediate impact on crime stats: Dutch police. Apparently thats not the case in the Netherlands. Sworn Testimony In Arizona Says Yes, Tucker Carlson: DEI is Causing People to DIE (Video), From LAB to LUNGS: The real COVID timeline in a nutshell. Table: Drug Use and Crime Indicators, Comparison Between The US and The Netherlands, "The Netherlands is a significant transit country for illicit drugs, especially cocaine from South America entering through the Port of Rotterdam and destined for European markets. Average costs. 235 Ukraine, with the next-highest prison population in Eastern Europe after the Russian Federation, reported an HIV prevalence among prisoners of 14.5% in 2008 and 13.6% in 2011, 235 as against HIV prevalence in the general population in that period of 1.2%. That is, they drink more than 14 (women) or 21 (men . It's best to avoid these parts too. [citation needed] Other types of sales and transportation are not Some friends warned me before I visited this city that criminal rate is high and there are many pickpockets. The governing agreement released last week laid out plans that will force them to become members-only clubs and shut down those shops located near schools. Paper to be presented at the Hearing of the Special Committee on Illegal Drugs. These criteria concern the patient's request, the patient's This percentage is only higher in the United states, United kingdom and Australia. Pickpockets target the bags the most as they know that's where usually the wallet and other precious items are stored. Before Prohibition, crime rate related to alcohol were low-to-medium . Lilypichu Boyfriend Before Albert, Crime rate in Amsterdam before and after legalization. crime rate in amsterdam before and after legalization. The mayor of Amsterdam, police chief and the main public prosecutor have met for the yearly review of crime in Amsterdam. One of the results of this project was that the mayors of both municipalities decided in September 2009 to close down the four tolerated coffee shops. There is probably no one reason why crime rates decreased in neighboring counties following Colorados recreational cannabis legalization in 2012. . However, the number of robberies rose from 184 in 2017 to 226 in 2018, an increase of 23% (time to wear your backpack reversed). But it is the most dangerous drugs that are secretly traded along the most sketchy parts of the city. Legalization of prostitution itself is more important in explaining human trafficking than the type of legalization. For example, even before the 2001 law, those convicted of drug use were typically fined, not incarcerated. He estimates there was an 80 per cent decline in street-level crime when underground gaming houses dissolved. Van Laar, M.W., Cruts, A.A.N., Van Ooyen-Houben, M.M.J., Van Gageldonk, A., Croes, E.A., Meijer, R.F., et al. Netherlands crime rate & statistics for 2017 was 0.78, a 40.08% increase from 2016. Yes, Amsterdam is a safe city to visit. crime rate in amsterdam before and after legalization. Netherlands crime rate & statistics for 2018 was 0.59, a 24.41% decline from 2017. Many proponents of decriminalization claim that Portugal managed to decrease overall drug use, but it really depends on how we choose to interpret the statistics. Now the pandemic lockdowns are gone, the tourists are back. In D.C., there are no stored data of admissions before 2012. Central Asia is estimated to have the highest rate of HCV prevalence among prisoners of any region. Alcohol Statistics Netherlands. In October 1996 this amount was revised to 5 grams for personal use, and 500 grams for coffee shop owners. For hard drugs the maximum amounts are: half a gram of cocaine, speed/ amphetamine, MDMA, methamphetamine. "Of cannabis users aged 18 and older, 83.5% used cannabis recreationally, 5.8% used cannabis only for medical reasons, and 10.7% used cannabis both as a medicine and recreationally. Amsterdam Crime Rate. If you want to share with us, let us know your experiences in the comments! Researchers have begun to estimate the effect marijuana legalization has had on crime rates. This method of collecting drugs brings along the possibility to exchange information between the personnel at the testing facilities and the users. Copyright 2022 Abalo Real Estate | All Rights Reserved. A 2019 study analyzing crime rates in Colorado and other states concluded that legalizing the recreational use of marijuana appears to have little to no effect on the number of violent and property crimes. The legalization of cannabis makes at least as much sense as the legalization of alcohol no more likely to cause crime in its sale or use. Marijuana arrest rates were already on the decline but plummeted after Colorado and Washington authorized retail sales late in 2012. Keep aware of your surroundings, particularly in tourist-heavy places because thieves are most likely looking for their next victims here. Just like any other capital city out there, this bustling metropolis has its own fair share of problems, including crime. During the night, the price drops to 63.67%. Percentage of People In the Netherlands Aged 18 and Over In The General Population Reporting Last-Month Use Of: Percentage of People In the Netherlands Aged 18 and Over In The General Population Reporting Last-Year Use Of: Trimbos Instituut: Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction (2020). In Europe, Sweden spends the second highest percentage of GDP, after the Netherlands, on drug control. Offences in the Netherlands are classified according to 6 categories with fines ranging from up to EUR 390 for 1st category to a maximum of EUR 780,000 for sixth category offences. Pickpockets are all too common in tourist-heavy cities like Amsterdam. Vi skulle vilja visa dig en beskrivning hr men webbplatsen du tittar p tillter inte detta. While there are many problems associated with harder drugs like heroin or cocaine in the Netherlands, the police . And 47% of them are tempted to Amsterdam by the coffeeshops, although it's clearly the combination of party behaviour (drinking, screeching, leering, urinating, with a spliff on the side) that creates the most localised nuisance. The Courage Team shifted the emphasis from drug related public nuisance to investigating drug related criminality. While at night, the rate goes down to 63.67%. Int. The municipal authorities, the police, the Public Prosecution Service and the Tax and Customs are cooperating to tackle illegal drug trade and public nuisance caused by drug tourists. In November 2016, voters in nine states decided whether to legalize marijuana for medical or recreational use, according to a running tally by The Cannabist, a project of The Denver Post. More than a third (35.0%) of the last-month users smoked dope (almost) every day. You just need to stay in groups of people or not walk through quiet and sketchy alleys and the like to stay safe. A coffeeshop must meet the following conditions which are stated in Dutch laws: No more than 5 grams of cannabis may be sold per person per day. Legalization critics, such as former White House Drug Czar Gil Kerlikowske, believe instead that Dutch policy is flawed, generating crime and nuisance effects. Last-year use is highest among people aged between 18-19 and 20-24, (21.4% and 23.7%). 7 Fig. tcpdump snaplen example. . The study specifically looked at how many opioids were prescribed in Canada before and after legalization, as well as money spent on . The coalition is also advancing the idea of prohibiting the sale of cannabis to non-Dutch residents, which amounts to a death knell for many coffee shops. Hard drugs (like cocaine, XTC, etc.) Archived Content. All Rights Reserved, Crimes with the Highest Rates in the Dutch Capital, Still, you ought to know which crimes are most commonly committed in this city. Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Utrecht, The Hague and Eindhoven will not be taking part. The good news is the general crime rate in Amsterdam is low. ter Bogt, PhD, and Wilma Vollebergh, PhD, "Cross-National Comparison of Adolescent Drinking and Cannabis Use in the United States, Canada, and the Netherlands," International Journal of Drug Policy, Jan. 2010; 21(1):64-69. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2009.02.003, p. 1.www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ "The HBSC survey results indicated that drinking prevalence and drunkenness were lower on all measures among both boys and girls in the United States compared with boys and girls in Canada and boys in the Netherlands, but there was no difference in drunkenness or age of first drunkenness between American and Dutch girls. Crime in the city has not gone on a downward trend, but it has stabilized. Aside from many places in the Red Light District, there are other areas in Amsterdam that you should avoid. The figure for last-month use among people aged 18 and older is 4.6%. Of course, all this crime is relative and Amsterdam is definitely pretty safe in the global scheme of things. Oh, but I thought legalizing it would end the crime that is associated with drugs? Actually? Use among 18-24 year-olds stayed the same. Though it's also ironic seeing as Amsterdam is infamous for legalizing marijuana. They reported: Connor on Oct 31, 2018: Went to Amsterdam back in September, the city was very safe when I visited nothing wrong with Amsterdam at all and didn't see any crimes being committed. Past-month frequent use rose by 23 percent, and past-year . The Opium Act of 1976 regulates the status of a large number of substances. You have entered an incorrect email address! Attesting to this, there is an interactive map on AD.nl that lists every province in the Netherlands and their corresponding criminal rank. The first national warning targeted the risks of using ecstasy pills contaminated with PMMA [Para-Methoxymethamphetamine], and the second national warning targeted pills with a high dose of MDMA. You'd do good not to go inside any shady establishment unless they're known to be legitimate businesses. Recent studies found that 21 percent of Amsterdams population has used marijuana in the past year and 17 percent had used hard drugs such as cocaine and ecstasy, it said. Over 25 countries around the world have decriminalized drugs to some degree, including Portugal, the Netherlands, the Czech Republic, and Germany. The circumstances that led to the tolerance policies have changed in the past decade, as large-scale crime around coffee shops and the legal sex trade became more visible. University of Amsterdam. In the last Safe City Index (2019), Amsterdam ranked fourth position in the list of safest cities in the world. The number of victims of muggings also went up to 1235. Diemen actually rose from 23rd place to 8th place in 2018. lvsbyhus Linna Mtt, Crime records from January 2008 to December of 2017 were obtained from available public data sets, including reports of homicides, assault with a deadly weapon, robbery, sexual abuse, burglary, motor vehicle theft . Rewinding . [email protected]. These new drugs raise questions about who are the users and about the (health) risks. Violent crime clearance rates shifted upward. Cannabis products are only sold openly in certain local "coffeeshops" and possession of up to 5 grams for personal use is decriminalised, however, the police may still confiscate it, which often happens in car checks near the border. Prostitution may be considered a form of exploitation (e.g., Sweden, Norway, Iceland, where it is illegal to buy sexual services, but not to sell themthe client commits a crime, but not the prostitute), a legitimate occupation (e.g., Netherlands, Germany, where prostitution is regulated as a profession) or a crime (e.g., many Muslim countries, where the prostitutes face severe Predictions from pundits that legalization would turn Colorado into a crime-ridden wasteland are wrong. Electrical Parts Oregon State Lawmakers Pass Bill Seeking To Provide $1K Per Month To Homeless And Low-Income People, Mike Pence Gives SKETCHY Answer to Trump Question, California Climate Change Hoax Now Buried Under 10-15 Feet of Snow, Heckler Has Witty Question for Nancy Pelosi Her Response is WILD, Hopefully, Americans Will Now Understand Why God Clearly Condemns Sodomites: Gay Couple Charged With Molesting Their Adopted Sons, Pimped Out To Pedophile Ring: (GRAPHIC), Have Mexican Drug Cartels Infiltrated US Politics, Possibly Even Elections? ', "Drug traffickers increasingly use legitimate postage companies to distribute narcotics to global customers. 2019 All Rights Reserved. por | Abr 24, 2022 | exempel p evolution djur | tndspole utombordare | Abr 24, 2022 | exempel p evolution djur | tndspole utombordare They all contribute to the crime rate in Amsterdam. She founded Beats Overdose, a harm reduction provider for the music and entertainment industry.She is a research associate with Health in Justice Action Lab and a councilmember on Oregon's decriminalization Measure 110 Oversight and Accountability Council. Overall, the city`s police department kept track for the longest time. Following medical marijuana legalization in several U.S. states, there were significant increases cardiac mortality rates [], but there were concurrent reductions in the rates of opioid prescribing, particularly in areas where cannabis dispensaries were legal.However, in these states, there was a concurrent increase in tobacco sales []. Bruce Simons-Morton, EdD, MPH, William Pickett, PhD, Will Boyce, PhD, Tom F.M. Police-reported cannabis offences in Canada, 2018: Before and after legalization. Also, despite higher drinking prevalence, Dutch girls were less likely to report having been drunk by age 14 suggesting that adolescent drinking and drunkenness do not correspond in all population groups. Biden Administration Rejected Concept Of Energy Security. In 2018, there were 663,000 arrests for marijuana-related crimes. Our results indicate that decriminalization of the production and distribution of drugs may lead to a reduction in violence in markets where organized drug criminals meet licit competition. 3.3. For now, it remains to be seen whether the Canadian legal system will be able to cope with the power and scale of the illegal system. Amsterdam is usually a safe place. It's practically the most well-known area of its kind out of all the cities in the world. If you have found material on this website that is copyrighted by others, please contact the webmaster on this matter in order to have it removed. Hard drugs as cocaine, LSD, morphine, heroin are forbidden in the Netherlands as in any other country. The Weeds crew have finally discussed weed specifically, marijuana use and policy. 7900 oak lane suite 200 miami lakes, fl 33016. newborn take me home outfit boy. Always keep your bag close to you. Because while it`s still moderately safe to do so, you never know what types of deviants are lurking in dark corners. around 90 to 150 euros to rent a room for an eight hour . Next in line is theft and vandalism at 41.22%. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. "Among secondary school pupils between 12 and 16 years old, there was a fall in last-year use between 2003 and 2015 (from 13.1% to 8.2%), but last-year use remained at the same level in 2017 (7.9%). And third, it remains to be seen whether prevalence levels will drop again in response to the reduction to a 5-g limit, and to recent government efforts to close down coffee shops and more aggressively enforce the regulations.". One of the main reasons for this is that the price of cannabis is much lower on the black market, because criminals do not have to pay taxes, the Volkskrant reports. 2022 Stellar Trading. Dutch Review has guides on how not to get scammedand other helpful reads to check out. In particular, the absence of legal means for coffee shops to obtain cannabis has highlighted their association with organized crime. Attesting to this, there is an interactive map on AD.nl that lists every province in the Netherlands and their corresponding criminal rank. International Narcotics Control Strategy Report: Volume I Drug and Chemical Control. In terms of crime, there is still no sign that the new cannabis system has taken control of criminals, said Pieter Tops, professor of public administration at Tilburg University and lecturer in police and public administration at the Police Academy. Euthanasia in the Netherlands is regulated by the "Termination of Life on Request and Assisted Suicide (Review Procedures) Act" which was passed in 2001 and took effect in 2002. INCREASED POLICING. By all means, try not to wander alone at night in the city. For once they wasn't us (British). Apart from many spots in the red-light district, there are other areas in Amsterdam you should avoid. Bruce Simons-Morton, EdD, MPH, William Pickett, PhD, Will Boyce, PhD, Tom F.M. Cannabis, for example, has been effectively decriminalised since the 1970s which means that convictions related to possession or use are exceptionally uncommon. crime rate in amsterdam before and after legalization crime rate in amsterdam before and after legalization. 38) Legalization or decriminalization has not reduced the stigma faced by prostituted people. Though you can buy marihuana freely in coffee shops, smart drugs in smart shops and prostitution is legal, Amsterdam is not a dangerous city. In spite of the liberalization of the use of soft drugs, trafficking in cannabis products is still forbidden. They stand for: No advertising (A); No sale of hard drugs (although hard drugs is not an official term, it is mentioned in the directives, referring to Schedule I drugs) (H); No nuisance (O); No sale of drugs to youths under 18 years of age and no admission of youths to coffee shops (J); No sale of large quantities (max 5 grams per transaction) (G).". There are about 40 reputable universities in Russia, 5 of crime rate in amsterdam before and after legalization Around April 1, the governor shut down the state for 30 days. Schedule II was created for cannabis products such as hashish and marijuana. Legalizing pot is like socialized medicine. Find the latest U.S. news stories, photos, and videos on NBCNews.com. par | Juil 2, 2022 | mitchell wesley carlson charged | justin strauss net worth | Juil 2, 2022 | mitchell wesley carlson charged | justin strauss net worth You'll do better by being more aware of your surroundings while going out. Colorado and Washington were the first states to legalize marijuana in 2012. Do you live in any of the cities on the list? Netherlands crime rate & statistics for 2016 was 0.55, a 9.84% decline from 2015. Trimbos-instituut/WODC, Utrecht/Den Haag, p. 54.http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/hthttp://www.emcdda.europa.eu/at "The Dutch harm reduction policy postulates a distinction between drugs with acceptable and unacceptable health risks. Before Prohibition, crime rate related to alcohol were low-to-medium . Economic research resurfaces debate about the link between legalized abortion and crime reduction. 4) When we compare arrest rates of people born in the same state, just before and just after abortion legalization, we once again see the identical pattern of lower arrest rates for those Amsterdam drug laws. One study has found that in communities that had legal access to cannabis, there was a significant reduction in property crimes compared to neighboring states that did not have legal marijuana. We respect your privacy. But it's the more dangerous drugs that are secretly dealt along the sketchier parts of the city. The crimes most strongly affected were robbery, which fell by 19%, and murder, which dropped by 10%. The stricter stance comes after years of gradual tightening of rules governing cannabis sales and a 2007 ban on the selling of alcohol in coffee shops. Because the illegal drug trade shifted to other parts of the town, it was decided in 2007 to extend the Hektor-approach to all parts of the town of Venlo. Some have argued medical marijuana legalization (MML) poses a threat to public health and safety, perhaps also affecting crime rates. At that point, it took the better part of a year for localities around the . chipotle corporate phone number . If they have more in stock or if they do not obey other regulations, the local police may intervene, depending on the nuisance caused and the local policy. Figure 7 in the Appendix displays the yearly state suicide rate, relative to the national rate, before and after legalization (vertical line) for A pound of marijuana that in 2015 went for $1,200 in-state sells today for just $300. Whilst every effort has been made to ensure accuracy, the publisher cannot accept responsibility for omissions and errors. Netherlands crime rate & statistics for 2017 was 0.78, a 40.08% increase from 2016. Proponents of legalization suggest that the experiences of countries such as Great Britain, the Netherlands, and Switzerland prove the efficacy of legalizing or decriminalizing various types of illegal drugs such as cocaine, heroin, and marijuana. Subscribe to our newsletter to get curated travel inspirations. Delivery to cannabis stores is carried out by government organizations. In the same three months, Denver also saw a decline in various crime rates, ranging from violent to property crimes. National drug monitor 2019. More people are trying cannabis following legalization. 1 in 12 (8.2%) adult Dutch drink excessive (figures 2018). The Dutch government`s notoriously tolerant drug policy almost certainly helps to keep the crime rate low. Watch CNN streaming channels featuring Anderson Cooper, classic Larry King interviews, and feature shows covering travel, culture and global news. However, rates of cannabis use did not differ between the countries, except that Dutch girls were less likely to use cannabis in the past year (RR= .67; 0.460.96).". But, he added, Dutch society is less willing to tolerate than before. The major differences work for before and after legalization was, death rate went up and more people were unemployed due to drugs. Varfr Mter Man Inte Kilometer Och Meter I Rymden. Enjoy reading? Marijuana Regulation and Crime Rates Posted on May 4, 2022 A study published in the Journal of Criminal Justice notes that marijuana legalization may have a marginal impact on crime rates. A 4 percent increase in Colorados GDP (gross domestic product) was recorded. But some economists are not convinced. First, the association may not be causal; we have already seen that recent increases occurred in the United States and Oslo despite very different policies. Perhaps 30 years ago we were a more easy-going society.. In New York City, though, California weed fetches up to $3,000 a pound. There were also 1.2 million violent crimes with victims, but only 518,617 arrests for these same violent . Its illegal to sell cannabis to people under the age of 18. Last-year use is highest among people aged between 18-19 and 20-24, (21.4% and 23.7%). I find little consistent evidence that the legalization of abortion in selected states around 1970, and then in the remaining states following Roe v. However, it wouldn't hurt to know the Amsterdam crime rate, which crimes are most commonly committed, and which areas to avoid. On July 1, 2014, licensed retail outlets in Washington opened with a regulated and monitored cannabis product. According to. Legalization 'a fundamental mistake' Tops said that the legalization of drug use in the Netherlands was a fundamental mistake that has In the last Safe City Index (2019), Amsterdam ranked fourth position in the list of safest cities in the world. The rate of crime is index linked to prices and adjusted every two years. Writing this month in the journal Police Quarterly, the researchers said legalization created a "natural experiment" to study the effects of a sweeping policy change on public health and safety. However, it still pays to keep aware of the Amsterdam crime rate. The New Zealand Prostitution Reform Act (PRA) fully decriminalised sex work in 2003. "The percentage of last-year cannabis users among 15-64-year-olds in the Netherlands was, at 9.6%, higher than the European average (7.4%). However, this website will sometimes use cookies in order to utlize specific uses from third-party sites. cities in idaho by population . "Hashish and marihuana (cannabis) are drugs with acceptable risks and their sale is tolerated in coffee shops. lkarhuset gvle vaccination Certainly the outlook for coffee shops is bleak. It seems very much like it, right? An Overview of the Issues. Morgan is a writer from Portland, Oregon. To examine this, researchers used intersections of five D.C. dispensaries to evaluate crime rates before and after they opened. Amsterdam has had high levels of crime being reported: to gain an impression of the extent of and trend in crime in the Netherlands, two different data sources were consulted by AD.nl, namely victim surveys, and police records. Crime Federal Recidivism, Age, and Other Factors-US Sentencing Commission-December, 2017. 1 - 60. Next to this, the data are used to inform the network of organisations participating in the DIMS. (Oct. 26, 2018) The Colorado Division of Criminal Justice Office of Research and Statistics today released "Impacts on Marijuana Legalization in Colorado," a report that compiles and analyzes data on marijuana-related topics including crime, impaired driving, hospitalizations and ER visits, usage rates, effects on youth, and more.In 2013, the Colorado General Assembly passed SB 13-283 . At the very least, you will be aware of them, which will make it easier for you to avoid them. Diemen actually rose from 23rd place to 8th place in 2018. The Dutch have divided drugs into two groups, depending on their influence on human health soft drugs and hard drugs. Hard drugs as cocaine, LSD, morphine, heroin are forbidden in the Netherlands as in any other country. It is only 33.35%, making it one of the few European capitals to have a low crime rate. Crime rates rose when abortion rates were constant. Some of the largest cities have begun to either completely legalize smoking weed or reduce the penalty for consuming it.